An overview of essential information on various steel grades In the world of industrial manufacturing and construction, understanding steel grades is a fundamental knowledge that entrepreneurs and engineers must possess. Each steel grade has different properties, strengths, and applications. Choosing the right grade of steel for the job is a crucial factor that directly affects the quality and safety of the final product. In this article, Nippon Steel will guide you through the various types of steel grades, explaining their properties and industrial applications. This will help you select the right materials that best suit your needs and ensure proper usage. An Introduction to Steel Grades in Metal Fabrication There are various types of steel grades used in the metal fabrication industry, each developed to meet different application requirements. These grades are standardized by organizations around the world, such as ASTM (United States), JIS (Japan), and EN (Europe). Each steel grade differs in terms of chemical composition, manufacturing process, and physical properties, making them suitable for a wide range of uses—whether in structural work, construction, machinery production, or even the food industry. 1. A36 Steel GradeA36 steel is a carbon structural steel that is highly popular in the construction industry due to its excellent strength and durability. It has a minimum tensile strength of 400-550 MPa and a yield point of 250 MPa, making it suitable for general structural work such as buildings, bridges, and large-scale construction. Additionally, it is easy to weld and form, making it an ideal choice for manufacturing machine parts and industrial equipment.2. S355 Steel GradeS355 is a European standard structural steel with high strength. It has a minimum tensile strength of 470-630 MPa and a yield point of 355 MPa. This grade has a low carbon composition, making it easy to weld and providing good toughness. It is suitable for structural work that requires high strength, such as high-rise buildings, bridges, and large-scale constructions that need to bear heavy loads. It is also widely used in the shipbuilding industry and for manufacturing heavy machinery.3. SPCC Steel GradeSPCC is a cold-rolled commercial-quality steel sheet according to Japanese standard JIS G 3141, offering excellent formability and toughness. It is ideal for high-precision work such as stamping, bending, and welding. It is commonly used in the automotive industry, electrical appliances, and metal furniture because of its smooth surface and good paintability.4. HR400 Steel GradeHR400 is a hot-rolled steel sheet with high strength, offering excellent tensile strength and hardness. It is suitable for structural work that requires high durability, such as building construction, bridges, and infrastructure projects. Additionally, it is commonly used in the production of heavy machinery parts and construction equipment due to its excellent wear resistance.5. 304 Steel Grade304 steel is the most popular stainless steel in the austenitic group, composed of about 18% chromium and 8% nickel. It has high corrosion resistance, is rust-resistant, and performs well at high temperatures. It is suitable for use in the food industry, kitchenware, and medical equipment. It is also commonly used in decorative applications and structures where both aesthetics and durability are important.6. SGCC Steel GradeSGCC is a galvanized steel sheet that has excellent corrosion resistance, produced by the hot-dip galvanizing process. This creates a strong and durable zinc coating. It is suitable for construction work, roofing, and exterior building structures that are exposed to environmental conditions. It is also commonly used in the production of pipes, gutters, and other construction equipment.7. AR400 Steel GradeAR400 is a steel that has undergone special hardening to provide high wear resistance. It has a hardness of approximately 360-440 HB (Brinell Hardness), making it highly resistant to abrasion and impact. It is ideal for industries such as mining, construction, and work involving high wear conditions, such as excavators, loaders, concrete mixers, and material crushing equipment. It can also be used in the production of parts that need to withstand friction and impact in heavy industries.8. P20 Steel GradeP20 steel is a plastic mold steel that has been heat-treated, with a hardness of approximately 24-33 HRC in its as-supplied condition. It has excellent toughness and is easy to machine and polish to a shiny finish. It is suitable for producing plastic injection molds that require high production capabilities. It is easy to weld and repair, offers good corrosion resistance to acids, and can withstand tensile strength up to 950-1,100 N/mm², making it an excellent choice for manufacturing large molds and precision work.Summary of Steel GradesChoosing the right steel grade is a crucial factor that affects the success of projects in the manufacturing and construction industries. Each grade has its unique properties that are suitable for different applications, whether for structural work, molds, or high wear-resistant tasks.Nippon Steel, as a global leader in steel production, specializes in manufacturing all steel grades that meet international standards. We offer expert consultation and guidance on selecting the appropriate steel grade to meet the specific needs of your business. With our extensive experience and modern production technology, we are ready to be a strong partner for the success of your business. For more information or consultation on selecting the right steel grade, feel free to contact our team anytime. We are committed to serving you with care and professionalism.
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